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Spore Mobs being able to Evolve is what progresses the mod. It allows lower tier mobs like Infected to become much stronger, like Evolved, followed by Hyper Evolved. It also allows the creation of some nasty monsters like the Proto Hivemind. When Evolving, Mobs will keep any Kill Points, Evolution Points, Search Position, if it is Linked, or a custom name will all be kept. This applies for failed Evolution too.
Evolution
If a Mob from the Infected tier has gotten a kill or consumed Human Remains within the five minute Starvation period, another five minute timer will begin. After the five minute Evolution timer is up, the Infected will Evolve into one of its available Evolved forms. There is a 20% chance that the Evolved will be one of its available variants instead. There is also a 10% chance that Evolution fails, and the Infected becomes a Scamper.
Evolution will be slowed if the Mob has Weakness, in which the Evolution timer stops and won't resume until the target no longer has Weakness.
Infected Vindicators and Evokers are considered Evolved due to how strong they are. Each Infected has a few Evolved they can become. The list goes as follows:
Infected Human - Knight, Griefer, Braiomil, and Phayres
Infected Husk - Verdathorn, Jagdhund, and Scavenger
Infected Villager/Wandering Trader - Leaper, Slasher, and Spitter
Infected Pillager - Howler, Stalker, and Brute
Infected Adventurer - Nuckelavee and Protector
Infected Scientist - Inebriater
Failed Evolution
When an Infected tries to Evolve, there is a 10% chance Evolution will fail, and it will become a Scamper instead.
Hyper Evolution
If an Evolved mob has a Hyper Evolved form, after reaching seven kills another five minute Evolution timer begins. Once the time is up, the Evolved will transform into their Hyper Evolved form. Note that if an Evolved mob has one or more variants, it will not have a Hyper Evolved form. Phayrie will not have a Hyper Evolved form and Knights do. Each Evolved that has a Hyper Evolved form only has one. The transformations are as follows:
Gallery
An Infected Villager Evolving into a Leaper.
A Knight Evolving into an Inquisitor.
A simple Evolution tree of Spore.